The Discovery of The Nucleus. The word atom is is no longer used in its correct context, originally it comes the term Greek beginning "atomos" to be translated to mean "indivisible". With the discovery by Rutherford of Ernst British chemist and physicist in 1909, this idea has begun to break down as science has begun to take a look inside the so-called indivisible Atom blow.
Rutherford began his "experience with gold leaf" in the Atomic dd "Plum Pudding" stage of theories Thomson. The experiment involved ordering a radioactive source emitting alpha particles to the leaves of gold. Gold leaf was used because it is very thin if the target is almost a line of atoms. The area was surrounded by a zinc sulfide screen which will give off the coast of a flash of light when struck by an alpha particle. Essentially, the experiment is designed to find out where alpha particles went after the collision with the kernel.
The alpha particle energy levels were around 6 000 000 eV, compared with 0.02 eV of the atoms of gold nearly stationary. Thus, the pattern on the detector was relatively slight, most alpha particles through atoms of gold, and whenever an alpha particle hit an atom of gold, it is simply passed it out of the way. There are however occasional exceptions, alpha 1 to 10,000 particles were deflected by on 90áµ?, they have been completely inexplicable with the current printing of the atom.
Using the law of Coulomb (strength of force between two charged particles is inversely proportional to their share of the distance squared), the team of Rutherford concluded that the RADIUS between the positive alpha particle and the positive force of deviation it must have been smaller than the radius of the atom to the force of repulsion 300N required for it by diverting on 90áµ?.
This calculation has been extremely important, that this meant that for a neutral atom of gold leaf, there must be a small, concentrated positivity area which is surrounded by negativity. Given that the electron had already discovered by Thomson in the late 19th century, they must be in orbit centered positivity, thus was born the nucleus.
Issue of paradigm shift, the concept of the atom has changed and nuclear physics was now well under way, as with many brilliant scientific discoveries, it is just leads to more questions needed to answer;
Why does not the electron and the nucleus attract each other and merge? What keeps all positive sub-Atomic particles?
These matters necessary for a response if the Rutherford model atom "nuclear" was accepted, what kick started nuclear physics and a new dawn discovered atomic.
A scientific level is a free resource for Chemistry, biology, physics and psychology of a comprehensible standard for most students. The Discovery of The Nucleus
